[MFSA-2024-40] Security Vulnerabilities fixed in Firefox ESR 128.2

CVE-2024-8381: Type confusion when looking up a property name in a "with" block (high)
A potentially exploitable type confusion could be triggered when looking up a property name on an object being used as the <code>with</code> environment.

CVE-2024-8382: Internal event interfaces were exposed to web content when browser EventHandler listener callbacks ran (moderate)
Internal browser event interfaces were exposed to web content when privileged EventHandler listener callbacks ran for those events. Web content that tried to use those interfaces would not be able to use them with elevated privileges, but their presence would indicate certain browser features had been used, such as when a user opened the Dev Tools console.

CVE-2024-8383: Firefox did not ask before openings news: links in an external application (moderate)
Firefox normally asks for confirmation before asking the operating system to find an application to handle a scheme that the browser does not support. It did not ask before doing so for the Usenet-related schemes news: and snews:. Since most operating systems don't have a trusted newsreader installed by default, an unscrupulous program that the user downloaded could register itself as a handler. The website that served the application download could then launch that application at will.

CVE-2024-8384: Garbage collection could mis-color cross-compartment objects in OOM conditions (moderate)
The JavaScript garbage collector could mis-color cross-compartment objects if OOM conditions were detected at the right point between two passes. This could have led to memory corruption.

CVE-2024-8385: WASM type confusion involving ArrayTypes (high)
A difference in the handling of StructFields and ArrayTypes in WASM could be used to trigger an exploitable type confusion vulnerability.

CVE-2024-8386: SelectElements could be shown over another site if popups are allowed (low)
If a site had been granted the permission to open popup windows, it could cause Select elements to appear on top of another site to perform a spoofing attack.

CVE-2024-8387: Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 130, Firefox ESR 128.2, and Thunderbird 128.2 (high)
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 129, Firefox ESR 128.1, and Thunderbird 128.1. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code.